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M. B. STAFFORD.

VENTILATION. No. 294,820. Patented Mar. 11, 1884.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Urrrcn.

MARSHALL B. STAFFORD, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y.

VENTILATION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,820, dated March11, 1884.

Application filed November 2, 1882.

it all whom it may concern! Be itknown that I, MARSHALL 13. STAFFORD, acitizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have-invented certain new and usefulImprovements in the Art of Ventilation; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

The invention relates to an improvement in the art of ventilation; andit consists in certain novel apparatus for effectuating the objects ofthe invention, which will be readily understood from the detaileddescription hereinafter presented, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an enlarged sectional viewof the ventilating apparatus. Fig. 2 is a view illustrating theventilators applied to the bottom of the car, and Fig. 3 is a detachedplan view of the plate F.

Referringto the drawings, in which I have illustrated my invention asapplied to a railroad-car, A denotes the compartment to be ventilated;B, the ventilating apparatus, consisting of the vertical flue a and thehorizontal flue b. The flue b is connected with the flue a, and extendsan equal distance on each side thereof. I11 the mouth of vertical fluea,1eading int-o the car or other apartment, is provided a register, D,by means of which the draft through the car may be regulated at will,and the condition of the car thus controlled according to the state ofthe atmosphere and other circumstances. The registerD consists simply oftwo slotted or perforated plates placed one onthe other, and one beingmovable to close the slots in the other. A lug, m, is provided on themovable plate, to permit of its being conveniently operated.

In order to prevent any rattling of the parts of the register D, and toprevent the noise made by the running-gear ofthe car from passingthrough the register, I lay thereon a mat or other article of a shaggyor woolly nature, which will permit the passage through it of the air,but will exclude the noise.

I have found the mat (lettered E) of great advantage, I dotted lines,and, rushing through the flue, 100

(No model.)

and regard it of special importance, though in many cas es itsemployment will be unnecessary.

XVithin the vertical flue a is appropriately arranged the sound-deadenerF, which in the present instance is a concavo-convex or hellshapeddevice mounted upon a rod, d, which is secured to the cross-bar e. Thecircumferential edge of the sound-deadener F will preferably correspondwith the general contour of the flue a in its horizontal crosssection,and

will be separated from the walls of the flue a a sufficient distance topermit the passage of the air. 7 The sound-deadener will probably bemade of zinc, and its size and general form will be matters of judgmentwhich will rest largely with the manufacturer and the purposes to whichthe apparatus is to be applied.

The lower end of the flue a, which opens into the horizontal flue 1),forms a mouth or outlet for the air in the car or other apartment to beventilated, and the size of this outlet or mouth I propose to regulateaccording to the condition of the atmosphere and other circumstances bya plate or plates, j, which will at the proper time be placed into thesaid mouth and rest upon the flange h, supplied therein. The plate f isa thin piece of material having an opening -or aperture of a sizesufficient to permit only a current of the desired volume through it. Ininstances where a strong current is to be in duced through theapparatusthe regulatorplate f will not be employed; but where alesser current isrequired (such, for example, as would be desirable in a passenger-car ona cold day) the plate f could be used with advantage. The employment ofthe plate f avoids any alteration in the construction of the apparatuswhen it is desired to secure varied results.

Vithin the horizontal flue b are swung the valves i, one being at eachside of the mouth of the flue a; The valves i may be made of a piece ofsheet metal, and will be of such size as to snugly lit the inner surfaceof the flue b and be capable of swinging freely in either direction. 1

When the apparatus above described is placed on the under side of a carand the car is set in motion, the current of air entering the flue bwill open the valves 1 as indicated in will draw the air from the cardownward through the register and flue a in a constant current, wherebythe atmosphere of the ear is kept in a wholesome purified condition. Thevolume of the current of air passing from the car may be controlled bythe register D or plate f, and the sound from the running-gear will beprevented from entering the car by the mat placed over the register orby the sounddeadener F.

The apparatus hereinbefore described may be used for ventilating housesand for other purposes of ventilation which need not be spe eificallyset forth.

\VhatI claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1's

1. In a ventilating apparatus applied to the 1 bottom of a car, thevertical flue provided with means for deadening the sound, incombination with the horizontal flue, substantially as set forth.

2. In a ventilating apparatus applied to the bottom of a car, thevertical flue and the horizontal flue, the former being supplied with asound-deadening device, and the latter with' swinging valves, the wholebeing arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MARSHALL B. STAFFORD.

Vitnesses:

Cnas. O. GILL,. l-IERMAN GUsTow.

